Paraphrasing Assignment

Cara Tumino

Faver, Catherine A. “Domestic Violence and Animal Cruelty: Untangling the Web of Abuse.” Journal of Social Work Education 39.2 (2003): 237-253. Web. 22 March 2015.

“…[A]lthough the social work literature has recognized the connections between domestic violence and child abuse, the role of animals in family violence has been ignored” (Faver 237).

Paraphrase 1: It has been discovered that different types of human abuse in the household can be related, but the role animal abuse plays in family violence does not receive as much attention as it should (Faver 237). 

Paraphrase 2: Animal abuse is a major factor in the relationship between domestic violence and child abuse, but the large role it plays often gets overlooked (Faver 237).

Paraphrase 3: The link between child abuse and domestic violence is clear, but sometimes the act of animal abuse in relation to those is not acknowledged (Faver 237).

“Finally, there is growing evidence…that batterers use threats and actual harm to family pets as a means of controlling and coercing women. This evidence also demonstrates that concern for the safety of pets is a significant barrier to women leaving abusive relationships” (Faver 238).

Paraphrase 1: Those who commit acts of domestic violence use household pets to keep their partner in the relationship by making them fear the safety of their pet if they leave (Faver 238). 

Paraphrase 2: In order to keep their partner in the relationship and under their control, abusers often threaten to or actually harm their pets (Faver 238). 

Paraphrase 3: Some abusers harm or threaten to harm family pets to show authority over their partner so they will stay in the abusive relationship.

Degue, Sarah. “Is Animal Cruelty a ‘Red Flag’ for Family Violence?” Sage Journals 24.6 (2009): 1036-1056. Web. 27 March 2015. 

“Notably, the strongest predictors of threats toward pets in this study were the Minor Physical Violence and Verbal Aggression subscales of the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS), whereas the strongest predictor of actual harm or killing of animals by a partner was the Severe Physical Violence subscale of the CTS” (Degue 1039).

Paraphrase 1: People who are less physically and verbally violent toward their partner are more likely to threaten their pets and people who are more violent are more likely to actually harm their pet (Degue 1039).

Paraphrase 2: Abusers who are only slightly violent typically only threaten to harm pets, whereas people who are majorly abusive are more likely to cause harm to or even injure their pets (Degue 1039).

Paraphrase 3: People on the Minor Physical Violence side of the Conflict Tactics scale are less likely to bring real harm to their pets than those on the Severe Physical Violence side of the scale (Degue 1039).

“Animal abuse was defined as including the neglect of (e.g., denial of food, water, or medical treatment; excessive confinement, allowing the animal to live in filth) or intentional infliction of physical pain or injury (e.g., beating, shooting, drowning; making an animal fight; engaging in sexual acts with an animal) on any household pet or wild animal” (Degue 1043-44).

Paraphrase 1: According to Sarah Degue, animal abuse includes insufficient food and water and causing any sort of suffering or pain to an animal (1043-44). 

Paraphrase 2: Animal abuse can be defined as being neglectful or purposely harming either a wild animal or a pet (Degue 1043-44).

Paraphrase 3: Any sort of physical harm, neglect, or discomfort inflicted on any type of animal is considered animal abuse (Degue 1043-44).

            Domestic violence and child abuse have a clear link and if one is present in a family, the other is usually there, too. Animal abuse is a major factor in the relationship between domestic violence and child abuse, but the large role it plays often gets overlooked (Faver 237). As with the different kinds of abuse on humans, there are also several types of animal abuse. According to Sarah Degue’s journal “Is Animal Cruelty a ‘Red Flag’ for Family Violence?” animal abuse is “…defined as including the neglect of (e.g., denial of food, water, or medical treatment; excessive confinement, allowing the animal to live in filth) or intentional infliction of physical pain or injury (e.g., beating, shooting, drowning; making an animal fight; engaging in sexual acts with an animal) on any household pet or wild animal” (1043-44).